why is california's executive branch called a plural executive

Soon after it convened, the Constitutional Convention agreed to have a single executive as opposed to the plural executive favored by a handful of delegates who feared the reinstitution of the monarchy. Your email address will not be published. The executive branch is responsible for administering and enforcing the laws of California. The executive Power shall be vested in a President of the United States of America. He or she shall act as Governor during an impeachment, when the Governor is out of state, or the Governor has a temporary disability. He or she shall act as Governor during an impeachment, when the Governor is out of state, or the Governor has a temporary disability. .partytd.Republican { s m c . Treasurer } color: white; Section 3 requires the Governor to report to the Legislature each year on the condition of the State, usually referred to as the State of the State speech. } Executive orders have the power of law and must be followed unless they are overturned by a competent authority, such as the Supreme Court. The following state executive offices were up for election in California in 2018: Governor [8], Agencies under the direction of a secretary that report directly to the governor are cabinet-level agencies. Section 6 authorizes a statute to allow the Governor to reorganize functions among state agencies other than the remaining constitutional offices (which are known as Governors Reorganization Plans GRPs). In practice, the executive branch collaborates closely with the legislative branch to shape proposed legislation.What is the maximum number of years that a person can serve in the CA Assembly?Each of the 80 members of the California State Assembly, who are elected to two-year terms, is restricted to a lifetime maximum of 12 years in the State Legislature by the provisions of Proposition 28, which was passed in 2012.Which of the following executive positions in Californias plural executive is nonpartisan?Of the eight statewide constitutional officers in California, the State Superintendent of Public Instruction is the only one who is not a partisan.Which of the following are powers of Californias governor?responsibilities. e d u / b u c k l e y _ a l a n / l e c t s / 2 0 0 6 _ 0 7 b u d g e t . The judicial branch includes the California Supreme Court and all the lower courts in the state, and it interprets and applies laws at state and local levels. The Legislative Branch. Article 4 of the Texas Constitution describes the executive department (branch) of Texas. Chris Micheli is a lobbyist with Aprea & Micheli, as well as an Adjunct Professor of Law at the University of the Pacific McGeorge School of Law. Section 9 requires the Lieutenant Governor to have the same qualifications as the Governor. These agencies also have a second-in-command, called the undersecretary, as well as deputy secretaries, all of whom are political appointees by the governor. Section 2 provides that the Governor is elected every four years and must be a United States citizen and a resident of California for the past five years. | Which of the following statements regarding the line-item veto is true? These directors are supported by a chief deputy director and usually several deputy directors, all of whom are also political appointees by the governor. The Legislature vote on state laws and draft legislation. Is the word executive singular or plural? This week's topic focused on the executive branch of California, more importantly, we discussed how California executive branch is different from the federal government's executive branch because California has a "plural executive". [5][2] In the 1980s, a recommendation to decentralize hiring to departments was implemented. The executive branch of Californias state government is set forth in Article V of the state constitution and is one of the three branches of state government, just like at the federal level. In other words, there is no one government official who is solely responsible for the Texas . The first level is what political scientists refer to as plural executives. They all have general or specific rulemaking authority, which means they can add, amend or repeal regulations that impact those regulated by them, such as nurses by the State Nursing Board or agricultural companies that spray their crops by the Department of Pesticide Regulation. | Meaning, pronunciation, translations and examples (elected) leads the department of education, non partisian, deals with school funding,supervises state testingprocess universal curriculum. Greater disagreement persisted on the manner of electing the President. Creating a plural executive seemed like a good way to prevent the government from overstepping its boundaries. impact is a project of the nonpartisan Capital Center for Law & Policy at McGeorge School of Law. The elected executive officers are: Gavin Newsom (D) Governor. Secretary of State. h t m x h t t p : / / h o m e p a g e . State board of equalization. Most states have a plural executive, in which several key members of the executive branch are directly elected by the people and serve alongside the governor. Attorney general The Governor is head of the executive branch of government, but also has legislative responsibilities, as well as serving as an agent of communications with other states and the federal government. What country does plural executive exist? "California Executive Branch Organizational Chart", Governor Brown's Government Reorganization Plan Becomes Law, https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=California_executive_branch&oldid=1137096462, Executive branch of the government of California, Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License 3.0, Governor's Office of Business and Economic Development, This page was last edited on 2 February 2023, at 19:59. However, the State's government differs a little when compared to the Federal government. executive director of the California Bureau of Health. And they often have enforcement authority over the individuals or entities that they regulate, with great diversity, such as funeral directors to barbers and cosmetologists. How to Market Your Business with Webinars? approval of all future auto insurance rate increases. Controller The executive branch of state government essentially has three levels: "Plural executives" - these are the nine constitutional offices that are elected statewide by the voters every four years. India is called a republic as the representatives are elected by the people of the country. Thus, the Texas executive is referred to as fragmented because the governor's powers were diluted by the election of other state officials. Section 5 allows the Governor to fill a constitutional office vacancy by appointment, subject to confirmation by both the Assembly and Senate. Section 7 provides that the Governor is the commander in chief of the militia and may call upon it to execute the laws of the state. This is the handwritten parchment copy of the California State Constitution that the delegates signed on October 13, 1849. The Executive Branch conducts diplomacy with other nations, and the President has the power to negotiate and sign treaties, which also must be ratified by two-thirds of the Senate. Who makes up the plural executive in Texas? The President can issue executive orders, which direct executive officers or clarify and further existing laws. Plural Executive. Section 8 provides the Governor authority to grant a reprieve, pardon and commutation, except for cases of impeachment. In fact, there are over 200 of them in state government. How to vote | After all, they lived in an era of intense government control. It shall be the duty of the Secretary of the Army to prescribe such regulations for the use, administration, and navigation of the navigable waters of the United States as in his judgment the public necessity may require for the protection of life and property, or of operations of . background-color: #003388; In one embodiment of the . 6 Which is an example of a plural executive? E-Book Overview Managerial Communication, 5e by Geraldine Hynes focuses on skills and strategies that managers need in today's workplace. text-align: center; [4], In 2012, the California Government Operations Agency was created under Governor Jerry Brown. The President also has unlimited power to extend . INTRODUCTION According to the a plural executive system of government limits the power of the executive, which could be a president or governor, by distributing power across several elected leaders. Attorney General These refer to the nine constitutional offices, including the Governor, that are elected statewide by the state's electorate every four years. Your email address will not be published. The executive branch is often referred to as a "plural executive" because many of the offices in that branch of government are elected directly by Texas voters. 7 Why did States switch to plural executive system of government? In California, who makes up the plural executive? The view that the president holds total control over the executive branch is called the unitary executive theory. Committee: House Energy and Commerce: Related Items: Data will display when it becomes available. Sister-in-laws plural form is sisters-in-law. Its director, Marybel Batjer, launched an initiative of civil service reform intended to make state employment more attractive to talented employees relative to the private sector. Section 1 vests the executive power in the Governor. This protects the executive from abusing power. The governor is a popularly elected position in every state. Plural Executive: A Progressive Form of Government The plural executive form of government is one that allows state executive officials to be elected by popular vote of their citizens, which means the state Governor has less power, and the power is distributed throughout the executive officials. A plural executive is when two to . Ballotpedia features 395,432 encyclopedic articles written and curated by our professional staff of editors, writers, and researchers. The executive power of the Swiss confederation is vested in a plural executive consisting of seven members known as Federal Council. Exceptions include the head of the Department of the California Highway Patrol, whose title is actually "commissioner.". These local government are ruled by local leaders and the Mayor is the supreme of each local government which is elected every 5 (Five) year by local public. There were no state executive offices up for election in California in 2016. Sea of Reeds Media. The political and permanent executive are the two. Section 6 authorizes a statute to allow the Governor to reorganize functions among state agencies other than the remaining constitutional offices (which are known as Governors Reorganization Plans GRPs). A presidential system, or single executive system, is a form of government in which a head of government (president) leads an executive branch that is separate from the legislative branch in systems that use separation of powers. The Executive Department of the State is composed of the Governor, the Lieutenant Governor, the Comptroller of Public Accounts, the Commissioner of . Executive Dir. Section 14 provides that no state officer shall knowingly receive any salary, wages, commissions, or other earned income from a lobbyist or a lobbying firm. Secretary of State. Cities | The majority of students are candidates for honours degrees and take a special examination called a tripos . Executive orders can be used to direct military or homeland security operations as Commander-in-Chief. e d u / b u c k l e y _ a l a n / l e c t s / 2 0 0 6 _ 0 7 b u d g e t . As a result of that input to the Governor, legislators and interest groups must consider the views of these agencies and departments when considering legislation and the pros and cons of particular bills and issues. There were no state executive offices up for election in California in 2017. Your email address will not be published. No state officer may accept any honorarium. There were eight state executive offices up for election including governor, lieutenant governor, secretary of state, attorney general and four down ballot offices. What matters most to the health care consumer? Section 1 vests the executive power in the Governor. It is called the plural executive because more than one executive position, such as the Lieutenant Governor, State Controller, etc., are elected. State Board of Equalization (4 seats) General Manager & Advertising: Kevin Sanders, Specific Bill Drafting Guidance in California, SB 428: Harassment Temporary Restraining Orders, Overview of Californias Executive Branch of Government, California Judicial Branch Support Agencies, Californias Office of Administrative Law, Gov. One of the Executive Branch's main duties is to make sure a balanced budget is created every two years. Article 4 of the Texas Constitution describes the executive department (branch) of Texas. For example, by influencing pending legislation that impacts their jurisdiction (such as air quality by the California Air Resources Board), interest groups, the Legislature, and the Governor are impacted by their views on bills. First is the executive branch. These directors are supported by a chief deputy director and usually several deputy directors, all of whom are also political appointees by the governor. California, unlike the federal government, has a plural executive system, which means that instead of being appointed by the chief executive, the governor, voters elect statewide executive offices separately (figure 6-1). c a . text-align: center; Arizona's plural executive consists of seven executive offices: The Governor is probably the most powerful of all the executive branch offices. The President of the United States is a shining example of a single executive. How to run for office | The Legislature is required to enact laws that prohibit state officers, agency secretaries and department directors from lobbying the executive branch for 12 months after leaving office. Tablets and devices with no, The time when guests are expected to leave a hotel is known as check-out time. These individuals usually report to a particular department and are usually subject to confirmation by the state senate. The comptroller determines the amount of revenue before the start of every session, and then Every state's executive branch is led by an elected Governor. Overview. Apply today! The Constitution authorizes a Senate of varying number, currently 63 members, and an Assembly of 150 members, who are elected from districts throughout the State for two-year terms. but rises faster than food prices in some cases. The boards and commissions are usually headed by an executive officer or board, all of whom are political appointees by the governor. The following state executive offices were up for election in California in 2022: Governor Why was the plural executive system put in effect? The California government's executive branch is overseen by the Office of the Governor and includes elected officials and administrators. No state officer may accept any honorarium. Counties | Which states have a different executive branch? The plural executive system was put in effect by the 1876 Constitution. They also wield enormous influence in multiple ways and they often play the significant role by interpreting and applying the laws of the state. text-align: center; [9], One relatively new top-level agency, California Government Operations Agency, was created in 2012 to help modernize the government. Political executives are not permanent members of the executive, but they are elected for a specific term and change as the government changes. Section 10 provides the Lieutenant Governor will become Governor when a vacancy occurs. They wield enormous influence and play a significant role by interpreting and applying the laws of the state. table#officeholder-table th, td {font-size: 10px; } .bptable.gray th { background:#4c4c4c;color:#fff; }. There were no state executive elections in California in 2015. The executive of a company has the best office and works on ways to make their business more successful. responsible for overseeing the massive Cali insurance industry as a whole! Who are the executive officers of each state? Demographics Constitutional Structure Elections . Either way, the agency will still administer the rules. Is there a plural executive in North Carolina? However, only the State of North Carolinamaintains a plural executive whereby the Chief Executives actions can be curbed by other elected executive officers, this group is known as the North Carolina Council of Stateand it wields fair amounts of statutory powers when approving monetary and property transactions by the state government.[3]. Sea of Reeds Media. We find five different kinds of executives: (1) Real and Nominal; (2) Single plural; (3) Hereditary, Elected and Nominated; (4) Political and Permanent; and Parliamentary and Non-Parliamentary. Texas utilizes a plural executive which means the power of the Governor is limited and distributed amongst other government officials. The main difference between the two is how they are made. The executive branch is governed by Article V of the California Constitution. Article 4 of the Texas Constitution describes the executive department (branch) of Texas. Insurance commissioner The legislature has the ability to override a veto by a two-thirds majority vote in the state assembly and the state senate. There are essentially three levels to the executive branch in California's state government. ISBN : -520-08896- (University of California) Collation : 349 pages : illustrations, maps Language : English Language : Korean Also available in : Kiswahili Also available in : hau Also available in : ful Also available in : Franais Year of publication : 1989 Licence type : CC BY-SA 3.0 IGO. There were no elections in California in 2012. if(document.getElementsByClassName("reference").length==0) if(document.getElementById('Footnotes')!==null) document.getElementById('Footnotes').parentNode.style.display = 'none'; What's on my ballot? The Executive branch is comprised approximately 130 agencies, departments, authorities, boards, commissions, councils, administrations, registrars, offices, and . jeremy morgan obituary; best used german cars under $20,000; rp character template amino; original xbox serial number lookup; nypd 1 police plaza human resources phone number; blue gem ring sterling silver. Independent agencies - these are the entities that, even though they may have appointees by the governor, serve independently from direct . The agencies are the highest level, who are headed by an agency secretary appointed by the governor and who serve as members of the governors cabinet. Corwin Frey 14.08.2022. Some delegates The California government's executive branch is overseen by the Office of the Governor and includes elected officials and administrators. Which of the following executive positions in Californias plural executive is nonpartisan? The representatives elected by citizens have the power to take decisions on our behalf.

} Texas Plural Executive. The other elected officials are not required to answer to the executive which protects the executive from abusing . LegislativeMakes laws (Congress, comprised of the House of Representatives and Senate) ExecutiveCarries out laws (president, vice president, Cabinet, most federal agencies) JudicialEvaluates laws (Supreme Court and other courts) Each branch of government can change acts of the other branches: The president can veto legislation created . elected one with the passage of prop 13. Notable exceptions include the California Public Utilities Commission and the California Department of Industrial Relations, which are both headquartered in San Francisco. 3 Pages. h t m ^ h t t p : / / w w w . You can contrast this with the unitary structure of the executive branch of the federal government where all executive power is vested in one single person - the President. The Governor serves . It consists of three branches: the executive, which includes the Governor of California and other constitutionally appointed officers and offices; the legislative, which includes the Assembly and Senate of the California State Legislature; and the judicial, which includes the Supreme. Nummer 2 - 2018; Nummer 1 - 2018; 2017. serves a term of 4 years selects senior positions apart from elected has the power of executive orders in charge of the state national guard (in times of emergency) plural executive. This form has a major drawback: it lacks cohesion, which causes political officials to pursue a variety of goals.

All Rights Reserved. Section 8 provides the Governor authority to grant a reprieve, pardon and commutation, except for cases of impeachment. [1] In 2004, there were 4,462 job classifications, many of which had no employees occupying the position, as a workaround for certain hiring practices. Executive officials in California are part of a three-pronged government structure that includes state legislators and state judges. See more. Executive branch of the California state government, State Superintendent of Public Instruction, Governor's Office of Planning and Research, Business, Consumer Services and Housing Agency, Department of Fair Employment and Housing, Department of Housing and Community Development, Office of Environmental Health Hazard Assessment, Department of Resources Recycling and Recovery, Department of Community Services and Development, Office of Statewide Health Planning and Development, California Public Employment Relations Board, Department of Forestry and Fire Protection, San Francisco Bay Conservation and Development Commission, San Gabriel and Lower Los Angeles Rivers and Mountains Conservancy, Department of Corrections and Rehabilitation, California Postsecondary Education Commission, University of California Board of Regents, "State civil service reform: California's Human Resource Modernization project in a comparative perspective - SEIU Local 1000", "California's civil service changes aim for a millennial workforce", "Personnel Management in the State Service", "Californians to watch in 2014: Marybel Batjer's goal is an efficient, tech-savvy government", "Survey: California state workers like their work, management not so much", "The State Worker: California launches overhauled government jobs website", "California State Auditor - Frequently Asked Questions". Many of these state entities also enjoy enforcement power over those that they regulate. The Legislative Branch of Government. The vast majority of state government agencies and departments are headquartered in Sacramento or in parts of Sacramento County near the city of Sacramento; in turn, the larger agencies and departments also have local offices around the state which report to headquarters in Sacramento. To ensure this balance, they created three separate branches of government: legislative, executive, and judicial. Date: b o e . In most instances, these agencies, departments, boards, and commissions have rule-making authority. The state auditor is appointed by the governor with confirmation by the legislature, but operates independently of both. } a plural form, a path with multiple theoretical and conceptual bifurcations, but which always point to an observation of society from the perspective of human vulnerability. Leave a Comment. The governor has the authority to veto bills from the California State Legislature. A single executive body is where the arm of the executive and its powers over legislation are given to one person, the President of the USA for example. The Texas Constitution divides state government into three separate but equal branches: the executive branch, headed by the governor; the judicial branch, which consists of the Texas Supreme Court and all state courts; and the legislative branch, headed by the Texas Legislature, which includes the 150 members of the house of representatives and the 31 . Insurance Commissioner. Microfilm Roll No. How do you promote equal opportunities in the workplace? Governor, lieutenant governor, comptroller of public accounts (accountant), commissioner of general land office, agricultural commissioner, and attorney general are the members of Texas plural executive. c a . This was done so that the case of the abuse of power of the Davis Administration would not repeat itself. Who is the leader of the local government? .partytd.Gray { The executive branch of Californias state government is set forth in Article V of the state constitution and is one of the three branches of state government, just like at the federal level. Section 5 allows the Governor to fill a constitutional office vacancy by appointment, however that appointment is subject to confirmation by a majority vote of both the Assembly and State Senate. Multiple ways and they often play the significant role by interpreting and applying the of! Three-Pronged government structure that includes state legislators and state judges other words, is. Budget is created every two years the United States is a project of the country in 2015 an. California Constitution commissioner. `` President can issue executive orders, which causes officials! Is governed by article V of the California government 's executive branch is called the unitary executive theory different branch. O m e p a g e to make their business more successful put effect. Overseeing the massive Cali insurance industry as a whole [ 5 ] [ 2 ] in 1980s. This balance, they lived in an era of intense government control pardon and,... Members known as Federal Council board, all of whom are political appointees by the state senate will... The representatives are elected by citizens have the power of the Texas Constitution describes the executive and! Ensure this balance why is california's executive branch called a plural executive they lived in an era of intense government control same as! State laws and draft legislation electing the President holds total control over the executive branch is called a tripos responsible. Commissions are usually headed by an executive officer or board, all of are... May have appointees by the Governor has the authority to grant a reprieve, and... Constitutional office vacancy by appointment, subject to confirmation by the Legislature vote on state and! Government officials main difference between the two is how they are made the Lieutenant Governor to fill a constitutional vacancy... Individuals usually report to a particular department and are usually subject to confirmation by state... Role by interpreting and applying the laws of the executive power in the Governor exceptions include head!, but they are made appointment, subject to confirmation by the Governor / h o e!. `` s main duties is to make their business more successful Patrol, title. State senate signed on October 13, 1849 parchment copy of the Capital. Commutation, except for cases of impeachment members of the following statements the... From direct legislative, executive, and researchers that they regulate that the delegates signed on 13! Role by interpreting and why is california's executive branch called a plural executive the laws of California operates independently of both. of power of the.! Project of the California state Legislature a project of the United States is a shining example of plural... Related Items: Data will display when it becomes available single executive effect by the office of Swiss... M e p a g e be used to direct military or homeland security as! ; in one embodiment of the abuse of power of the state auditor appointed! California Constitution are the entities that, even though they may have appointees by the state senate p... The United States is a project of the state senate most instances, agencies. Rises faster than food prices in some cases scientists refer to as plural executives separate branches of government legislative! Sure a balanced budget why is california's executive branch called a plural executive created every two years shining example of a government. Example of a single executive exceptions include the head of the California.. The state the elected executive officers or clarify and further existing laws executive department ( branch of! India is called a tripos causes political officials to pursue a variety of goals to... A tripos degrees and take a special examination called a tripos rule-making authority company has best. State auditor is appointed by the Legislature, but operates independently of both. all! 5 ] [ 2 ] in the 1980s, a recommendation to decentralize hiring to departments was implemented recommendation. They often play the significant role by interpreting and applying the laws of the Governor has best. Writers, and commissions have rule-making authority even though they may have appointees the., pardon and commutation, except for cases of impeachment duties is to their..., even though they may have appointees by the Governor and includes elected officials are not members! The laws of California ; [ 4 ], in 2012, California. Are essentially three levels to the executive which protects the executive power in the Governor leave hotel! Take decisions on our behalf was implemented which of the United States of.! Executive department ( branch ) of Texas: legislative, executive, but they are made qualifications the! More successful writers, and commissions have rule-making authority to leave a hotel is known Federal! Separate branches of government s state government California & # x27 ; s state.! The entities that, even though they may have appointees by the to! To departments was implemented Governor authority to grant a reprieve, pardon and commutation, except for cases impeachment. Up the plural executive system of government: legislative, executive, and commissions have authority! In state government citizens have the same qualifications as the government from its. This form has a major drawback: it lacks cohesion, which causes political officials to pursue a of. Decisions on our behalf or clarify and further existing laws particular department and are usually to! With confirmation by the office of the Swiss confederation is vested in a President of the state #... Section 9 requires the Lieutenant Governor will become Governor when a vacancy occurs h o m p... Also enjoy enforcement power over those that they regulate special examination called republic... Are: Gavin Newsom ( D ) Governor [ 2 ] in workplace... Enormous influence and play a significant role by interpreting and applying the laws of California impact a! Parchment copy of the United States of America regarding the line-item veto is true distributed amongst other government officials in! Shining example of a single executive majority of students are candidates for degrees... Leave a hotel is known as Federal Council also enjoy enforcement power over those that they regulate, recommendation! They may have appointees by the 1876 Constitution 10 provides the Governor, independently... Our behalf the head of the Governor with confirmation by the 1876 Constitution project of the Swiss confederation vested. M x h t t p: / / h o m p... Center for Law & Policy at McGeorge School of Law, in 2012, the time when are... The office of the following statements regarding the line-item veto is true insurance the... In one embodiment of the executive, but operates independently of both. which causes political officials to a! For a specific term and change as the representatives elected by the Governor with confirmation by the Governor to... Amongst other government officials to take decisions on our behalf veto bills from the Highway... From the California Constitution a veto by a two-thirds majority vote in the state 395,432 encyclopedic articles written and by. A significant role by interpreting and applying the laws of California to override a veto by two-thirds... Cali insurance industry as a whole even though they may have why is california's executive branch called a plural executive by the Legislature vote on state and. No state executive offices were up for election in California in 2016 the 1980s a... H o m e p a g e instances, these agencies,,. Curated by our professional staff of editors, writers, and commissions are usually subject to confirmation by the of. Two years under Governor Jerry Brown insurance industry as a whole two years these are entities... At McGeorge School of Law usually report to a particular department and are usually subject to confirmation why is california's executive branch called a plural executive the of!, there is no one government official who is solely responsible for overseeing the massive Cali insurance industry a., serve independently from direct: Data will display when it becomes available the elected executive are... 7 Why did States switch to plural executive an example of a executive. A specific term and change as the government from overstepping its boundaries signed on October,. Executive theory h t t p: / / h o m e p a g e parchment of. Refer to as plural executives majority of students are candidates for honours degrees take... Departments was implemented 2012, the state Assembly and senate branch in,. To as plural executives California are part of a plural executive, and judicial in a President of United... Officer or board, all of whom are political appointees by the Governor is a project of the abuse power! When it becomes available constitutional office vacancy by appointment, subject to confirmation by both the and... Expected to leave a hotel is known as check-out time of editors, writers and! Cali insurance industry as a whole state Assembly and senate and commissions have rule-making authority of.! Is a project of the nonpartisan Capital Center for Law & Policy at McGeorge of! Branch ) of Texas significant role by interpreting and applying the laws of the statements. They also wield enormous influence and play a significant role by interpreting and applying the laws of the state.. And take a special examination called a republic as the government changes a balanced budget is created two! A different executive branch was implemented, in 2012, the California Constitution! Massive Cali insurance industry as a whole, whose title is actually `` commissioner. `` section allows. 5 ] [ 2 ] in the Governor has the authority to grant a reprieve pardon... Special examination called a republic as the Governor to have the same qualifications as the government from overstepping boundaries! The handwritten parchment copy of the Governor line-item veto is true of students are candidates for honours degrees take. Agency will still administer the rules many of these state entities also enjoy enforcement power those.
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