These activities are common in areas where there are coastal vegetation e.g. For example, one Francis Ajagun who used to rake in N3,000 daily from fishing said that the reclamation exercise has cut off the main source of daily bread from him, noting that since the activity started, he has not earned a dime; and this makes life very frustrating for him, his wife and three kids. This is because the organisms that reside in these areas are wiped out during the first phase of reclamation. Nigeria: Land Reclamation - Safety Concerns of a Sand-Filled Lagos 16 July 2014 Vanguard (Lagos) By Charles Kumolu LOCATED in between Obalende and Third Mainland Bridge. The method is mostly regarded as the simplest one. The Governors of each states of the federation hold the land in trust for the Federal Government, and are entitled to be the sole signatory of all certificate of occupancy (C of O) before a piece of land is legally owned by an individual or group of individuals. The marine coastal ecosystem is made up of different zones. Invasion: this is as a result of the migration of people into coastal communities in search of new technologies that provide job opportunities. The restoration of tidal force, edaphic factors and climatic effect will encourage natural recruitment of seedlings. Shrimp farming in particular has resulted to the conversion of large areas of mangroves. ( See also city; urban planning .) The direct causes include: (i) land expansion, (ii) construction activities, (iii) land acquisition and (iv) succession (land-forming activities of mangroves). One thing is certain; when you do reclamation like this, there are other aspects of the environment that you destroy. These phases include: (i) deforestation of mangrove forest (ii) consolidation of swamp with bulldozers, (iii) pumping of white sand from the sea bottom unto shore, (iv) sand filling of reclaimed land, and (v) construction activity e.g. Minna. Examples of artificial islands in Nigeria include Banana Island, Ikoyi, Lagos, Gracefield Island, Lekki, Lagos, The Eko Atlantic, Victoria Island, and Lagos. The Act was designed purposely to make provision for slum clearance, land reclamation, estates for industrial and residential purposes as well as to carry out extensive and land use planning in Lagos. This is because of land expansion activities such as urban development. Open Access is an initiative that aims to make scientific research freely available to all. Nevertheless, land utilization is influenced by nature and characteristics of soil, soil moisture and temperature, topography and land location, flora, fauna and climate. The Purple-faced leaf monkey, a long-tailed languor endemic to Sri Lanka, can be seen swinging through the trees. This indicates the significance of top soil in the restoration of a reclaimed site. It cannot, therefore, violate its own laws and standards by doing otherwise.. Public position begets public scrutiny and it opens up a vista of shared opinions, assumptions and commentaries on the affairs of governance and public trust. However, their predicament began when a company known as Nigerian Westminster Dredging and Marine Limited commenced sand filling project at Lagos Lagoon, at the foot of Third Mainland Bridge at Oworonshoki. Artificial Land Reclamation Project | Cities Skylines 44,080 views Nov 12, 2020 1.2K Dislike Share SAM BUR 118K subscribers Reclaiming land, creating artificial islands, fancy buildings and. This could lead to the reduction in species composition and diversity of aquatic resources. According to them, the city has long been vulnerable to flood in recent times, while environmental safeguards have continued to be weakened. The succession process in the Niger Delta occurs in three phases (Figure 7). Globally, half of the world mangroves have been destroyed [16] as people have reclaimed those areas as a result of coastal development. In the wake of bubonic plaque that was experienced in Lagos in July 1924, the colonial government decided to enact Lagos Town Planning Ordinance in 1928. Sand mining activity is a lucrative business in the Niger Delta and is embarked upon by both private individuals and government officials. Everyone wants to own a house, especially in Lagos, because the land is not large enough. The loss to the environment is permanent and enormous because for over 34years no coastal species had grown in this area. CTRL + SPACE for auto-complete. Private investors reclaim coastal areas to execute private business that would boost their economic fortunes. For instance, oil field that is established in mangrove swamp. Map of Niger Delta Nigeria (circled) bordering the Atlantic Ocean has the biggest mangrove forests in Africa. Land reclamation is gradually posing negative impact on man due to unplanned urbanization. Town of Hemptstead's Morewood Property in Nassau County, before reclamation. Other areas in the world that land reclamation has taken place are: Mumbai (India), Giant Sea Wall in Jakarta (Indonesia), Manila Bay (Phillipines), Kobe (Japan), Aukland, Wellington and Dunedin (New Zealand), Palm Deira, Yas Island and Al Lulu Island (UAE), and so on. So, some observers are of the view that the recent flooding that are now common in these areas are not unconnected to the ongoing massive land reclamation. Another example is the replacement of invasive nipa palm forest with native mangrove forests. These days, it has transmuted into the Land Use Act (LUA), encapsulated within the Laws of the Federation of Nigeria 2004. Agricultural activities can lead to the reclamation of coastal area to establish rice paddies, aquaculture and crop farms. Sand mining is a thriving business in this area, which is done without proper environmental impact assessment or feasibility study. It was proposed in 2018 and scheduled to be completed in 2025, but the $600 billion project wouldn't have residents moving in until 2032 when housing construction is complete. The state noted that there has been increasing and continuing degradation of the Lagos shoreline as a result of indiscriminate illegal dredging, reclamation and land extensions into the Lagos Lagoon. Since the state Mined Land Reclamation Law was enacted in 1975, DEC has issued more than 4,800 mining permits and more than 3,000 mines have been reclaimed . The city is situated on four main islands namely, Lagos, Victoria, Iddo, and Ikoyi which are all connected by a network of bridges. Restoration principle is based on bringing back a degraded site to its original form. Ayade whom he defeated at election, Israel police crack down on legal reform protest, Court dismisses certificate forgery suit against Tinubu, Afroganiks calls for more clinical trials on herbal-based drugs, partners LASUTH, Dissecting Ikpeazus politics, policies and Abia agenda, African Development Bank Group President appoints Senegals former Minister Amadou Hott as Special Envoy for the Alliance for Green Infrastructure in Africa, Land use reform in Nigeria: Removing stifling bottlenecks. Examples include towns in Lagos, Benue, Cross river, rivers etc Like 0 Dislike 0 Reply Quote Follow Ask Your Own Question Quick Questions ten examples of plutonic rocks and volcanic rocks? If those locations belong to them by law, there should be no cause for alarm. He however, berated the sponsors of the reclamation exercise, adding that the estates they are constructing in the reclaimed areas dont accommodate the low and the middle class, adding that their motive is primarily to make money. The result indicates that Potassium and magnesium had the highest concentration. Increased turbidity leads to the blockage of light beyond water surface, thus hampering photosynthetic activities below the water surface such as the benthic region. Giving grim report of the matter, he said: All I do these days is to hang around the neighbourhood and hope that the tide increases so I can go out to fish. Land reclamation impact the coastal environment in several ways (Table 1). There is nowhere along this zone that is more than 200 meters. Land in the Niger Delta area is in large demand because of traditional and cultural beliefs attached to the possession of land [1]. We are a community of more than 103,000 authors and editors from 3,291 institutions spanning 160 countries, including Nobel Prize winners and some of the worlds most-cited researchers. Coastal area is in serious danger from land reclamation in the Niger Delta, Nigeria. Evacuation of the tree stumps lead to the loss of many soil organisms from their habitat. A Mined Land Reclamation permit is an approval to conduct regulated activities at a specific site. Coastal area is in serious danger from land reclamation in the Niger Delta, Nigeria. "Land reclamation kills mangroves, seagrass and corals. He said: Because of the necessity for land use, people end up the sand filling and tend to utter nature and in that instance create chaos or disorder in the natural balance and so we see the impact almost immediately. But an extreme form of conversion of a landscape to an aquaculture can be done via dredging and canalization. The Missouri Department of Natural Resources is the administrative authority working through the Missouri Mining Commission. Speaking during an interview with Punch, the state Commissioner for Information and Strategy, Kehinde Bamigbetan said that the Environmental Impact Assessment, EIA report on the project had taken care of future negative impact on the environment, adding that the Lagos state government, as a responsible government, carried out comprehensive EIA before embarking on massive land reclamation going on in the coastal areas of the state. Gabriel Martinelli starred as Arsenal moved five points clear at the top of the Premier League with a 4-0 rout of struggling Everton on Wednesday. Not surprisingly, the country that is home to the largest population of the region also has by far the largest area under cultivation. It also involves the establishment of well heads and booth camps. They claim that their canoes have since been lying on the empty shores as they could not sail out to the lagoon for fish hunting. Bounded in the South by the Atlantic Ocean, the city is situated on the mainland, home to 70% of the city's population with series of islands and a peninsula that holds the remaining 30% (Ogunlesi, 2012). This leads to further fragmentation and formation of small mangrove islands along the coast. Mangrove vegetation is the dominant species found at the interface between the land and the sea. All land comprised in the territory of each state in Nigeria are vested in the governor of that state and such land shall be held in trust and administered for the use and . It is crucial to the environment's welfare both now and in the future. Investigations show that some developers evade the process wantonly, thus, land reclamation is often resulting to flooding, human displacement, building collapse, large displacement of the marine sediments and the development of mud-waves as well as the disruption of the oceans ecosystem. The only one that Lagos state government is not involved is Imperial City which is done in partnership between the Elegushi Royal Family and Channeldrill Resources Limited. An example is the establishment of the liquefied natural gas (LNG) plant in Bonny Island in the Niger Delta region of Nigeria. Towns and cities along the West African coastline have become prominent as important contributors to national gross domestic products (GDPs). The city was the capital of Nigeria between 1960 and 1975. Also some of the communities where flooding was not prevalent are now battling with serious flooding. One cannot jettison the issue raised by UN-Habitat and Ibidun Adelekan as regards the problem of flooding that can stem from massive land reclamation because coastal areas such as Lekki, Victoria Island and Ikoyi on several occasions have been ravaged by flood. Introductory Chapter: Landscape Reclamation as a K Department of Animal and Environmental Biology, University of Port Harcourt, Choba, Nigeria. Sites T1, T2 and T3 are the end, middle and mouth of the sand fill area. Cities such as Guangzhou (China), Jakarta (Indonesia), Mombasa (Kenya), Osaka (Japan), Singapore, Conakry (Guinea), and Adelaide (Australia), whose pre-reclamation elevation is less than <2 m + MSL, are especially vulnerable to increased magnitude and frequency of storm surges and coastal flooding. The fate of the land reclamation projects depends largely on various local government units. Before coastal lands are to be acquired proper environmental impact assessment (EIA) studies need to be conducted to develop proper management plan aimed at forestalling loss and extinction of common and rare species. When reclamation is done without engineering specification or advice, you see disorderliness in the land use.. To establish road network via the river, foundations for heavy pillars are usually sunk into the bottom of the river, which destabilizes the benthic community of the river. The attractiveness of the coastline is resulting in population concentrations along the coastline, with a rate of urbanization slightly higher . Coastal sites are preferred by land speculators because they usually off-city limits and isolated from the rest of the population. It is the responsibility of the Government to protect the land against illegal landscape reclamations. Umar Afegbua of the Centre for Geodesy and Geodynamics, Toro, Bauchi State, in his own view said that that the reclamation exercise is not done in the right way in the sense that it destroys the other aspect of the environment; thereby, creating disequilibrium in the environment. This is a situation where rivers near ports are expanded to accommodate large ocean going ships. This situation affects the fish survival and population. For their reclamation efforts the Town received the 2002 New York State Mined Land Reclamation Award. (A) Graph of species population along sampling points (T1, T2 and T3) indicates a decrease in number of species from point T1 (high nutrient content) to point T3 (low nutrient content); and (B) graph of concentration of physico-chemicals along within sites T1, T2 and T3. The conversion of a coastal environment to a terrestrial environment is absolute and cannot be reversed. Many marine communities are surrounded by mangrove forests, mostly in the upper intertidal zones. Centralization: these are lands that are regarded as focal points as a result of their economic value. It is the returning of lands to an improved state. While this is a fairly high percentage, the rural populations have dwindled down in recent years, down from 85% in 1960. 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