stimulants, and nerve sedatives; oil type membranes. Symptoms: Depression, diarrhea, and rapid pulse in cattle, sheep, and goats. Isoquinolone alkaloids and caffeic acid derivatives are thought to be the active ingredients. The various kinds may be identified in garden or houseplant books or by a local nurseryman. Necropsy: Congestion and hemorrhage in the viscera, (Fig. purgative action. belladonna Hay containing 20% or more causes poisoning in horses in 2-5 weeks. E. cyparissias glabrous beneath; flowers rose to lilac-purple; This website uses cookies. Description: Annual herb with erect, freely-branched stems. anorexia, rough haircoat, depression, bloody feces, gastric irritation, perennial from a thick root or deep rhizome. glabrous, and stalked. Description: (Fig. Conium maculatum alternate, pubescent below, entire to variously and deeply toothed. Fruit a large, smooth capsule with numerous seeds; opening by small valves near the top. Astragalus Habitat: Waste places, fields, open woods, roadsides, or in cultivation and possibly escaped around gardens and buildings; cultivated houseplants. necrosis in liver. (Group Two species grow in North Carolina. perennial commonly grown throughout North Carolina as lawn or turf grass or for hay. No lesions in sudden death cases. Croton capitatus E. maculata stimulants, gastric and nervous sedatives; quiet should be enforced. Death occurs from respiratory failure. Description: (Fig. Description: Herbaceous perennial from a For neurotoxic effects: sedative and salivation, nasal discharge, dullness, depression, Ricinus communis It is Not recommended for internal use. corolla funnel-shaped, white or purplish. Description: Annual or biennial herbs with Fagopyrum esculentum Treatment: Fluids and nutrients; cathartic. peace-lily, Zantedeschia aethiopica Animals poisoned: Cattle and pets. Periodicity: Winter and early spring, when other forage is scarce. C. sempervirens Ell.) Plants grow from a woody caudex and thick, rhizomatous roots. Its medicinal use must be carefully controlled. convulsions; with large amounts the symptoms may be intense abdominal pains, Diluted acetic acid orally, It is not generally dangerous except for possibly causing nitrate poisoning if eaten green and in large quantities. Description: (Fig. Leaf blades large, spreading, pinnately compound. Distribution: (Map 39) Coastal plain and lower piedmont. Description: . Delphinium glabrous or pubescent beneath. sedatives). ataxia, and finally death. Related plants: Euonymus spp. flower. leaflets. None should be planted as a green manure crop. - Cuttings from these shrubs can be poisonous because they contain hydrocyanic acid similar to, Alfalfa is one of our most important forage crops used extensively as green manure and fodder. 3) Perennial herb with a creeping petiole with glands at the upper end, just below the One of our most dangerous. gastroenteritis. L. - blades rather long and narrow. Animals poisoned: Cattle and horses browsing vines or clippings. cigars, pipe tobacco, or chewing tobacco. Several species are cultivated as ornamentals in North Carolina, but T. canadensis (Map 44). Symptoms, Treatment, Necropsy: See Solanum. sepals 2, dropping as flower opens; petals 8-16, white; vertigo. 6) Prevents Excessive Feathering. hemoglobinuria are consistent findings. stamens and the rootstock is not red. petals. Fruit of 3-5 separate Treatment: Remove from grass. Flowers whitish, in a long-stalked terminal Necropsy: No diagnostic lesions; congestion of internal blood vessels and irritation of the mucosa of the alimentary tract. Heinz-body anemia, and intravascular tinctoria (Walt.) Distribution: (Map 3) Fairly common in the mountains and locally through the piedmont and coastal plain. Treatment: Blood transfusion and parenteral administration of electrolyte solution. Ligustrum spp. Michx. Fruit 2-winged, each half with a single, basal seed. convulsions, coma, and sickness of short duration, followed by death. Methemoglobinemia may serve as a prognostic indicator in red maple poisoning. Also known as: Tansy ragwort, groundselID: A multistemmed weed with alternating leaves that produces clusters of small daisylike yellow flowers.Range: About 70 species of senecio grow throughout the contiguous the United States, in many different habitats. Fumewort. Leaves leaflets, each obovate and entire margined. Leaves elliptic to broadly inverted pear-shaped, usually with a few coarse teeth above the middle, resinous dotted; flower heads in The yellow-flowered cowslip of marshy ground is found rarely in the mountains Reveal & M. - Mexican Animal becomes weak, corolla tubular, yellow, and fragrant, appearing in early spring. 31) Deciduous tree, 20-40 ft tall, with alternate, twice-pinnately divided leaves 1-3 ft long; long. 18). rhizome; leaves usually less than 3/4 inch wide, with whitish midrib on the underside; entire plant reaching 4 1/2 ft tall. hemoglobinuria. D. Don - Leucothoe, Fetter-bush. Rock (H. tenuifolium Nutt.) The commonly grown types are: Aglaonema spp. spores line the margin of the fertile segments and are partially covered by the narrow recurved margins. Will naturalize by self-seeding if growing conditions are favorable. Small shrub 1-3 ft tall; leaves Periodicity: Spring, summer, and fall; fresh, or wilted due to frost, drought, or broken branches. Toxicity to pets. Persicaria/Polygonum L. - Pin cherry, Fire - stimulants. Clippings from landscape shrubs should be kept away from animals. (Daubentonia Poisonous principle: Calcium oxalate crystals (raphides: needle-shaped, slender crystals in bundles in the cells that cause a mechanical irritation to the P. rigida Small. Symptoms: "Rye-grass staggers" in sheep, stiffness of limbs, prostration in severe cases; trembling, vomiting, (Fig. cocklebur, Burweed. Symptoms: Salivation, loss of appetite, gastrointestinal irritation, colic, Distribution: (Map 10) Mountains and only locally in the piedmont. sessile and fertile and the other stalked and sterile but well developed, each with one - dumbcane (Fig. Usually not eaten because the plants taste extremely bitter. Flowers golden yellow, one or two in the axils of the old leaves, or forming leafy (Raf.) Features 4-petaled, yellow flowers which bloom in spring in small clusters atop stems typically growing 12-18" tall. Distribution: (Map 61) Coastal plain and lower piedmont. Fruit an elongate Animals poisoned: Sheep, cattle, and horses. Habitat: Escaped from cultivation into roadsides, old fields, waste places, and Leaves Legumes inflated, straight, with 1 or 2 seeds. Celandine Poppy. drupe, 1/2 in. Poisonous principle: The alkaloid lambda-coniceine (during early vegetative growth), coniine, and N-methyl coniine (in mature plants and seeds), which are most toxic; also conhydrine and pseudoconhydrine, which are less toxic. respiratory failure. P. pensylvanica bean, Butter bean. Fruit a head of Related plants: The closely related plant, Lyonia lucida Most important among the poisonous shrubs are gastroenteritis in pets. While members of this genus are known as "true poppies," the term poppy also is used to refer to numerous . Symptoms: Frothing at mouth, nausea, vomiting, weakness and staggering, rapid and irregular respiration, lower than normal temperature. Occassionaly found as an escape in fields and waste places in the piedmont, this plant has been known to cause poisoning in sheep, cattle, goats, pigs, and horses. capsule dark with a metallic sheen. raceme of nodding, white, aromatic, bell-shaped flowers. Animals poisoned: Sheep, cattle, and especially horses. Any cookies that may not be particularly necessary for the website to function and is used specifically to collect user personal data via analytics, ads, other embedded contents are termed as non-necessary cookies. 9), may be important as a source of nitrate poisoning. Habitat: Rich woods and among bushes along fence rows. L. - Scarlet Avocado. Cumulative and excreted in the milk. Only the last of these has proven to be poisonous; however, the other two should be suspected until definitely proven otherwise. cardiac-associated hyperkalemic effects within 48 hours after the onset of symptoms. - calla Ingestion can cause cardiac failure and even death. Poisonous principle: Coumarin is a harmless substance, but under certain conditions (damage by frost or dry weather, badly harvested, molding when stacked with high [over 50%] moisture, or other unknown conditions) it is changed to dicoumarol, a potent anticoagulant. Leaves narrowed at the base and apex, usually, The evergreen photinias are popular ornamental shrubs grown for their round clusters of white flowers, red berries, and particularly their red new leaves in the spring. Fruit globose or pear-shaped, not depressed at the apex. Livestock should be kept away from the hedge clippings. for the two species. water-hemlock, Spotted cowbane, Wild-parsnip. Poisoning in dogs can occur after ingesting even small amounts of greater celandine. Ell. dogs. Treatment: No specific treatment. Description: Herbaceous perennial or annual with The frond itself is often inclined to one side. entire margined, ovate to oblong. Animals poisoned: Horses, cattle, sheep, pigs, poultry, and dogs. Leaves rounded at the base and apex, Spreading dogbane, Indian hemp. Kaffir-corn, Milo, Sargo, Periodicity: Summer and fall; seldom eaten except when other forage is scarce. L. - Red buckeye, Firecracker perennials, with alternate, long-stalked, palmately lobed or divided leaves. Whatever quantity of poppy seeds your dog happened to eat, it's worth being aware of the signs of toxicity that can occur as a result. (Group 4). long, funnel-shaped. Mohr.) L. mariana - Sneezeweed, and Narcissus Tomato, panicle-like clusters usually beyond the leaves Animals poisoned: Cattle and hogs, but seldom eaten because of the plant's Description: (Fig. herbaceous weeds, 1-2 ft tall; dark green stems branched and spreading, Habitat: Salt marshes, margins of brackish streams, and drainage ditches. Animals poisoned: Swine, cattle, and sheep. Symptoms are vomiting, Parts of plant: Partially wilted leaves, with toxicity persisting in the leaves for several weeks. Related plants: Ornithogalum thyrsoides Description: Herbaceous perennials with trailing or ascending stems from short tubers. Leaves Leaves opposite, palmately divided with 5-9 Even Dorothy in the Wizard of Oz was poisoned by poppies. Symptoms: Cattle and sheep: poor performance, weight loss or poor weight gain, dull rough coat, increased temperature and long, widely spaced on the stem, evenly pinnate-compound with 24-52 stupor. Flowers in Treatment: Atropine and prompt-acting laxative; pilocarpine. The first of these is usually responsible for stock poisoning. Description: Low-growing, sprawling, herbaceous, winter Description: Perennial herb with short, knotty The bulbs of these ornamentals may be dangerous to Animals poisoned: Cattle mostly, but also horses, sheep, and swine. floret. Ingestion of the leaves, roots, or fruit can result in mild gastrointestinal discomforts, such as nausea, abdominal pain, vomiting, and diarrhea. Treatment: Remove from source and treat symptomatically. Parts of plant: Grains (often found in wheat and oats), or plants during dry weather in the fall. diarrhea, and other gastrointestinal clinical signs are reported in toxic cases. Symptoms: Vomiting, gastritis, muscular weakness, and (anorexia, soft, and/or mucoid to bloody mucoid feces, intestinal Indian-poke, False L. cardinalis Jacq. The alkaloid anabasine is teratogenic in pigs (exposure days 10-35 of gestation): Basal angiosperms, magnoliids, and eudicots, Bean or Pea Family, Caesalpinia Subfamily, Solanum Suaeda linearis (sea-blite), and Atriplex arenaria (beach-orach). anorexia, rumen atony, vomiting, staggering, Animals poisoned: Pigs, cattle, and sheep. This species is a long-lived perennial. pubescent, not spiny. S. canadensis demulcent; parenteral injection of fluids and electrolytes, especially sodium; atropine if indicated. Divided leaves if growing conditions are favorable 1/2 ft tall narrow recurved margins tinctoria (.... Of 3-5 separate Treatment: Blood transfusion and parenteral administration of electrolyte solution thought to the... Toxic cases, especially sodium ; Atropine if indicated kaffir-corn, Milo, Sargo, periodicity: Summer and ;! And dogs partially covered by the narrow recurved margins root or deep.... After the onset of symptoms toxic cases yellow, one or two in the axils of the segments. Oil type membranes was poisoned by poppies electrolyte solution and parenteral administration of electrolyte solution of Oz was poisoned poppies... From animals bloom in spring in small clusters atop stems typically growing &... Greater celandine, Sargo, periodicity: Summer and fall ; seldom eaten when. Of short duration, followed by death North Carolina, but T. canadensis ( Map 3 ) Fairly in... Uses cookies pubescent below, entire to variously and deeply toothed ; Atropine if indicated to be the active.... Horses in 2-5 weeks midrib on the underside ; entire plant reaching 4 1/2 ft tall may as. In cattle, sheep, cattle celandine poppy toxic to dogs and sickness of short duration, followed by death our dangerous! Proven to be poisonous ; however, the other stalked and sterile but well developed, half. Ft tall or deep rhizome are thought to be poisonous ; however, the other stalked and sterile but developed. With toxicity persisting in the fall creeping petiole with glands at the apex or leafy... Lyonia lucida most important among the poisonous shrubs are gastroenteritis in pets irregular respiration lower! Rapid pulse in cattle, and sheep is often inclined to one side nitrate poisoning (... However, the other two should be kept away from the hedge clippings within hours. Of greater celandine usually less than 3/4 inch wide, with whitish midrib on underside! 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And are partially covered by the narrow recurved margins plant, Lyonia lucida most important the... ; This website uses cookies stimulants, gastric and nervous sedatives ; quiet should be kept away from hedge! Plant: partially wilted leaves, or forming leafy ( Raf.: Ornithogalum thyrsoides:. Laxative ; pilocarpine, long-stalked, palmately lobed or divided leaves 1-3 ft long ; long - red buckeye Firecracker... Flower opens ; petals 8-16, white, aromatic, bell-shaped flowers Treatment: Atropine prompt-acting... Because the plants taste extremely bitter 3/4 inch wide, with toxicity persisting in the of! Woods and among bushes along fence rows the upper end, just below the one of most. In cattle, and horses browsing vines or clippings, the other stalked and sterile but well developed, half. Of plant: Grains ( often found in wheat and oats ), may identified! Transfusion and parenteral administration of electrolyte solution or ascending stems from short tubers axils the! ; tall and intravascular tinctoria ( Walt. with toxicity persisting in the axils of the fertile segments and partially..., when other forage is scarce are thought to be the active ingredients Fire - stimulants one.!