[53] Speer's offices undertook building work for each branch of the military, and for the SS, using slave labor. never got along so good before or after. [104] During a meeting with Speer on 28/29 March, Hitler rescinded the decree and gave him authority over demolitions. Speer believed his greatest work, the one that would truly stand the test of time was the Zeppelinfeld in Nrnberg, which held up to 340,000 people, and the Cathedral of Lights he orchestrated for nighttime Nazi rallies with 130 anti-aircraft searchlights placed around it. [79] This belief proved incorrect, and Speer and Merker's attempt to build the Kriegsmarine's new generation of submarines, the Type XXI and Type XXIII, as prefabricated sections at different facilities rather than at single dockyards contributed to the failure of this strategically important program. From 1946 to 1966, while serving the sentence in Spandau Prison, he penned more than 2,000 manuscript pages of personal memoirs. According to Speer's daughter Hilde Schramm, "One by one my sister and brothers gave up. Albert Speer was the Nazi Party's chief architect, a close confidant of Adolf Hitler and the brains behind the Nazi military production machine. Inside the Third Reich begins with an account of Speer's childhood, followed by a description of his role as Heinrich Tessenow's assistant at the Technical University of Berlin. Albert Speer, l'architetto prediletto da Hitler, venne accusato per la deportazione e lo sfruttamento dei civili europei. "[4] Martin Kitchen's 2015 biography of Speer comes to much the same conclusion. Minister for Armaments. [157] In return they were paid handsomely in royalties and other financial inducements. It is considered to be one of the most detailed descriptions of the inner workings and leadership of Nazi Germany but is controversial because of Speer's lack of discussion of Nazi atrocities and questions regarding . [29] Speer modified Werner March's design for the Olympic Stadium being built for the 1936 Summer Olympics. [50] In his final statement at Nuremberg, Speer gave the impression of apologizing, although he did not directly admit any personal guilt and the only victim he mentioned was the German people. For propaganda Hitler claimed during the topping-out ceremony on 2 August 1938, that he had ordered Speer to complete the new chancellery that year. All of the Germanic peoples will be included in it. [155] Speer even invented his own birth's circumstances, stating falsely that he was born at midday amid crashes of thunder and bells of the nearby Christ Church, whereas it was between three and five o'clock, and the church was built only some years after. One thing that happened in early 1840 of Victoria time was that [105] Speer ended them, though the army continued to blow up bridges. A speech by Albert Speer (there is an account of this speech in Albert Speer, Erinnerungen [Berlin, 1969], p. 325) was followed by speeches of his deputies: Willy Schliecker, the expert on American rearmament; Walther Rohland, the head of Panzer production; Karl Frydag, who was in charge of aircraft building; and Otto Merker, who was . [56] Hitler appointed Speer in Todt's place. The task force was established by 1 March 1944, orders of Speer, with support from Erhard Milch of the Reich Aviation Ministry. [90] By this time, 140,000 people were working in Speer's underground factories. [141] He found himself unable to re-establish a relationship with his children, even with his son Albert who had also become an architect. Speer cancelled some hours before take-off because the previous night he had been up late in a meeting with Hitler. It was for the maltreatment of these people, that Speer was principally convicted at the Nuremberg Trials. [137], Speer's release from prison was a worldwide media event. [88] The SS provided 64,000 prisoners for 20 separate projects from various concentration camps including Mittelbau-Dora. Albert Speer, nemki arhitekt in politik, * 19. marec 1905, Mannheim, 1. september 1981, London, Zdrueno kraljestvo . [166] Another myth centered around a faked plan to assassinate Hitler with poisonous gas. [5] Wolters and longtime Speer secretary Annemarie Kempf, while not permitted direct communication with Speer in Spandau, did what they could to help his family and carry out the requests Speer put in letters to his wifethe only written communication he was officially allowed. During the winter of 194142, in the light of Germany's disastrous defeat in the Battle of Moscow, the German leadership including Friedrich Fromm, Georg Thomas and Fritz Todt had come to the conclusion that the war could not be won. [66], As Minister of Armaments, Speer was responsible for supplying weapons to the army. [135] Speer's efforts for an early release came to naught. After he failed to do so, his father gave him a part-time job as manager of his properties. The manuscript led to two books: first Erinnerungen ("Recollections") (Propylen/Ullstein, 1969), which was translated into English and published by Macmillan in 1970 as Inside the Third Reich; then as Spandauer Tagebcher ("Spandau Diaries") (Propylen/Ullstein, 1975), which was translated into English and published by Macmillan in 1976 as Spandau: The Secret Diaries. Stars Laurence Olivier Averell Harriman Albert Speer See production, box office & company info Search on Amazon search for Blu-ray and DVD Add to Watchlist 120 User reviews 5 Critic reviews Top rated TV #14 Madonna Speaks Out Following Brother Anthony Ciccone's Death Thanking Him for His 'Important . [18], The organizers of the 1933 Nuremberg Rally asked Speer to submit designs for the rally, bringing him into contact with Hitler for the first time. Supposing politics to be irrelevant, he turned aside and built roads and bridges and factories, while the logical consequences of government by madmen emerged. Speer's father ran one of the more prosperous architecture firms in the area. He set about extending his power and influence with unexpected ambition. Speer, Jr., an eighty-two-year-old with a perennially serious expression and a fondness for energetic hand motions, is one of Germany's best-known urban planners. Speer studied at the technical schools in Karlsruhe, Munich, and Berlin, and acquired an architectural license in 1927. [91], On 14 April 1944, Speer lost control of Organisation Todt to his Deputy, Franz Xaver Dorsch. [29] Speer insisted that as many events as possible be held at night, both to give greater prominence to his lighting effects and to hide the overweight Nazis. The exterior walls survived, but they were eventually dismantled by the Soviets. by PanzerKavallerie 27 Jul 2005, 16:15, Post Albert Speer was a German architect famous for his time in the Nazi Party and for his close friendship with Adolf Hitler. [107] Speer visited the Fhrerbunker on 22 April for the last time. [111] Speer provided information to the Allies, regarding the effects of the air war, and on a broad range of subjects, beginning on 10 May. Speer states that even if Germany concentrated all of its resources, it would have been 1947 before they could have had an atom bomb. [155] Isabell Trommer writes in her biography of Speer that Fest and Siedler were co-authors of Speer's memoirs and co-creators of his myths. He remained so even after his release from imprisonment in 1966, despite their efforts to forge closer bonds. His sister's name was Carrie. He coveted control of the production of armaments for the Luftwaffe and Kriegsmarine as well. After hearing Hitler speak at a Berlin . body was never found or returned to the family and there are some Berthold Konrad Hermann Albert Speer (/pr/; German: [pe] (listen); 19 March 1905 1 September 1981) was a German architect who served as the Minister of Armaments and War Production in Nazi Germany during most of World War II. I was searching for information about Ernst (?) First Architect of the Third Reich. "[118], Speer was credited with an "armaments miracle". He has risen to the top of the . It is primarily based on the memoirs of Gertraud "Traudl" Junge ( Alexandra Maria Lara ), one of Hitler's secretaries, and is one of the most accurate portrayals of the last, desperate days of the Third Reich and its effects on the Fhrer, his closest aides, and ordinary Germans. Before World War II, Speer helped propel the Nazi vision of grandeur and superiority. Como Ministro do Armamento, Speer foi responsvel pela grande produtividade da Alemanha neste setor nos anos finais da Segunda Guerra Mundial. [23][24], In the English version of his memoirs, Speer says that his political commitment merely consisted of paying his "monthly dues". Inventing for Speer the post of General Inspector of Buildings, Hitler steadily promoted him to the point where other Nazi leaders and rivals believed that he might well become Hitler's successor. I'd like to know more about his life; all I know is that he was inside Stalingrad's. "[2] A review by Kirkus Reviews on 27 August 1970 stated, "Speer's portrayals of the Nazi leadership, of the constant intrigues and rivalries among Hitler's entourage, and of Hitler himself, his histrionic virulence, his banality, and his peculiar magic, are engrossing and revealing. Schmidt authored the first book that was highly critical of Speer. Prisoners worked for Junkers, Messerschmitt, Henschel and BMW, among others. [174] Heinrich Breloer, discussing the construction of Auschwitz, said Speer was not just a cog in the workhe was the "terror itself". In 1918, moved to Schloss-Wolfsbrunnenweg, Heidelberg, Germany. [155] In addition to the myth that he was an apolitical technocrat, he claimed he did not have full knowledge of the Holocaust or the persecution of the Jews. By Dorothy . [120], On 18 July 1947, Speer was transferred to Spandau Prison in Berlin to serve his prison term. sent during this battle. [95], Losses of territory and a dramatic expansion of the Allied strategic bombing campaign caused the collapse of the German economy from late 1944. [81], In response to the Allied Big Week, Adolf Hitler authorized the creation of a Fighter Staff committee. He was credited with a dramatic increase in the shipment of arms that was widely reported as keeping Germany in the war. Progress was slow because fuel was rationed and Army Group A were given priority. [19] This work won Speer his first national post, as Nazi Party "Commissioner for the Artistic and Technical Presentation of Party Rallies and Demonstrations". In the letter, Speer says, "There is no doubtI was present as Himmler announced on October 6, 1943, that all Jews would be killed. the eldest went to visit his brother while in spandau prison and By Chimamanda Ngozi Adichie. Secured early release from prison, became a media celebrity and successfully cultivated the "clean Speer" myth. Hello. Of the 60,000 people who ended up at the camp 20,000 died, due to the appalling conditions. [177], The armaments "miracle" was a myth; Speer had used statistical manipulation to support his claims. The Battle of Stalingrad was a brutal military campaign between Russian forces and those of Nazi Germany and the Axis powers during World War II. von Speer, Albert: und eine groe Auswahl hnlicher Bcher, Kunst und Sammlerstcke erhltlich auf AbeBooks.de. Unsubstantiated rumors have claimed that the remains were used for other building projects such as the Humboldt University, Mohrenstrae metro station and Soviet war memorials in Berlin. [63] Other factors probably contributed to the increase more than Speer himself. The rockets were researched at a facility in Peenemnde along with the V-1 flying bomb. [85] The growth, however, consisted in large part of models that were becoming obsolescent and proved easy prey for Allied aircraft. [159], Speer had carefully constructed an image of himself as an apolitical technocrat who deeply regretted having failed to discover the monstrous crimes of the Third Reich. A scene from 'Rise of the Nazis' Photo: 72 Films. This ignored military realities, as the German armed forces were unable to match the Allies' firepower and were facing total defeat. [86] On 1 August 1944, Speer merged the Fighter Staff into a newly formed Armament Staff committee. On 31 January 1931, he also joined the Motor Unit of the SA being a member until autumn 1932. Po vlce byl bhem Norimberskho procesu odsouzen jako vlen zloinec ke 20 letm vzen. [55] On 8 February 1942, Reich Minister of Armaments and Munitions Fritz Todt died in a plane crash shortly after taking off from Hitler's eastern headquarters at Rastenburg. [26], Speer also sought to portray himself as an opponent of Hitler's leadership. A dramatization of the life of Albert Speer (Rutger Hauer), Adolf Hitler's (Sir Derek Jacobi's) young architect and one-time confidant, and his meteoric rise into the Nazi hierarchy. Fun facts: before fame, family life, popularity rankings, and more. [127], Much of Speer's energy was dedicated to keeping fit, both physically and mentally, during his long confinement. [55] At the same time, Hitler also appointed Speer as head of the Organisation Todt, a massive, government-controlled construction company. Albert Speer, the Nazi architect who built a Cathedral of Light for Hitler and commanded millions of prisoners in the forced production of weaponry, had a comfortable second life. [84] Production of German fighter aircraft more than doubled between 1943 and 1944. Albert Speer Jr., one of the most important German architects and urban planners, died unexpectedly on September 15, 2017 in Frankfurt. She married Prince Albert who was her cousin. Speer did not act on the request until mid-January 1943. [121] There he was known as Prisoner Number Five. Hitler appointed Speer, whose work for Goebbels had impressed him, to manage the building site for Troost. 2. He assumed his German readers would not be so gullible and told them the Nazi Party offered a "new mission". Included in the building works was material to build gas chambers, crematoria and morgues. FRANKFURT Albert Speer Jr., an internationally prominent architect who sought throughout his life to distance himself from the dark legacy of his father, a member of Adolf . Which he succeeded in doing, with or without Hitler. [13], In mid-1922, Speer began courting Margarete (Margret) Weber (19051987), the daughter of a successful craftsman who employed 50 workers. [58] Characteristically Hitler did not give Speer any clear remit; he was left to fight his contemporaries in the regime for power and control. It was used for Nazi propaganda rallies and can be seen in Leni Riefenstahl's propaganda film Triumph of the Will. [37] Speer hired Wolters as part of his design team, with special responsibility for the Prachtstrasse. "[16] The historian Magnus Brechtken, discussing Speer, said he did not give anti-Jewish public speeches and that his anti-Semitism can best be understood through his actionswhich were anti-Semitic. Speer was loyal to Hitler, and his experience building prisoner of war camps and other structures for the military qualified him for the job. [139] Although he stated he hoped to resume an architectural career, his sole project, a collaboration for a brewery, was unsuccessful. There were so many corpses at the Dora underground factory, for example, that the crematorium was overwhelmed. Sereny decided to complete the book alone . The V-2's first target was Paris on 8 September 1944. He was able to curtail the discussion that the war should be ended. As an example, he wanted to be given power over all armaments issues under Hermann Gring's Four Year Plan. He spent the rest of his life attempting to enhance this image and erase any doubt that he did not participate or know about the Nazi atrocities. The Speer houses are on the right side. Albert Speer, Hitler's architect, who became Minister of Armaments and War Production in World War II, died today at St. Mary's Hospital. Using misleading statistics, he promoted himself as having performed an armaments miracle that was widely credited with keeping Germany in the war. [68] Hitler was closely involved with the design of the tanks, but kept changing his mind about the specifications. After serving. This carried with it the rank of State Secretary in the Reich government and gave him extraordinary powers over the Berlin city government. . [51] Speer used forced Jewish labor on these projects, in addition to regular German workers. [28], One of Speer's first commissions after Troost's death was the Zeppelinfeld stadium in Nuremberg. I recommend this book without reservations. Speer's own staff described the conditions there as "hell". [93] He opposed the assassination attempt against Hitler on 20 July 1944. [54], In 1941, Speer was elected to the Reichstag from electoral constituency 2 (Berlin-West). A lbert Speer was born in 1905 in Mannheim to an upper-middle-class family that had benefited from Germany's meteoric economic growth. This image dominated his historiography in the decades following the war, giving rise to the "Speer Myth": the perception of him as an apolitical technocrat responsible for revolutionizing the German war machine. The journalist described an invented scenario in which Speer had refused Hitler's orders and Hitler had left with tears in his eyes. [82] In mid-January 1944, Speer had a lung embolism and fell seriously ill. Through his autobiographies and interviews, Speer carefully constructed an image of himself as a man who deeply regretted having failed to discover the monstrous crimes of the Third Reich. They paid for Toni Proost to go on holiday, and for bribes to those who might be able to secure Speer's release. It began in 1932 but had not supplied any weaponry. Speer's full length portrait of Hitler has unnerving reality. [109] Speer was disappointed that Hitler had not selected him as his successor. Three days later, he also proposed to Hitler that Germany's remaining military resources be concentrated along the Rhine and Vistula rivers in an attempt to prolong the fighting. When asked by his Allied captors in 1945 to what extent German military strategy had been influenced by economic considerations, Albert Speer, Hitler's armaments minister, replied that in the case of OperationBarbarossathe need for oil was certainly a prime motive. Indeed, even during initial discussions of his plan to invade the Soviet Union, Hitler had stressed the absolute necessity of . Contributor: C. Peter Chen ww2dbase Berthold Konrad Hermann Albert Speer was born in Mannheim, Germany, into a wealthy middle class family to Albert and Luise Speer. Speer's illness coincided with the Allied "Big Week", a series of bombing raids on the German aircraft factories that were a devastating blow to aircraft production. He used his writings from the time of imprisonment as the basis for two autobiographical books, Inside the Third Reich and Spandau: The Secret Diaries. ", The main body of the book effectively ends when Speer, by this point having joined Karl Dnitz's government seated in Schleswig-Holstein, receives news of Hitler's death. [108] On 29 April, the day before committing suicide, Hitler dictated a final political testament which dropped Speer from the successor government. [97] However, he concluded that the war was lost after Soviet forces captured the important Silesian industrial region later that month. [12] In Munich Speer began a close friendship, ultimately spanning over 50 years, with Rudolf Wolters, who also studied under Tessenow. He had become one of the most powerful people in Nazi Germany. the atmosphere was said the best ever it was actually worded they Albert Speer (n.Berthold Konrad Hermann Albert Speer, 19 martie 1905 d. 1 septembrie 1981) a fost un arhitect german care a fost, pentru o parte din al Doilea Rzboi Mondial, ministrul al narmrii i produciei de rzboi pentru al Treilea Reich.Speer a fost arhitectul preferat al lui Adolf Hitler, nainte de a ocupa posturi ministeriale.i-a asumat responsabilitatea pentru crimele . [22] Speer quickly became part of Hitler's inner circle; he was expected to call on him in the morning for a walk or chat, to provide consultation on architectural matters, and to discuss Hitler's ideas. Showing 28 distinct works. Four years into their relationship, in September 1981, Speer died. Study now. His sentence of twenty years amounted to 7,305 days, which only allotted one and a half days per book. The complicated architecture of Albert Speer, Jr. From being the son of a Nazi to becoming one of the world's foremost architects, this 82-year-old urban planner has been on top of the German planning world for more than half a century. [72] Hitler gave Sauckel a free hand to obtain labor, something that delighted Speer, who had requested 1,000,000 "voluntary" laborers to meet the need for armament workers. Figlio e nipote di architetti, Spee. Until 2 September 1943 the position's official name was Reich Minister of Armaments and Munitions. Speer asked Wolters to destroy the material he had omitted from his donation but Wolters refused and retained an original copy. Speer was born in Mannheim, Germany on March 19, 1905, to Luise and Albert. The cylinder is now a protected landmark and is open to the public. While they were there his friend, Nazi Party official Karl Hanke recommended the young architect to Joseph Goebbels to help renovate the Party's Berlin headquarters. 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